Dental growth and development
- Course Code :
PEDO711
- Level :
Postgraduate
- Course Hours :
2.00
Hours
- Entry year :
2024/2025
- Department :
Faculty of Oral & Dental Medicine
Aim of the course
The course is designed to provide detailed information regarding the human craniofacial growth and development. It will cover the following topics. (1) The concepts of craniofacial growth and development. (2) The prenatal craniofacial period. (2) The postnatal period. (3) The development of dentition. (4) The application of craniofacial growth data in clinical orthodontics.
Course Contents
1. Basic concepts of growth and development.
2. Prenatal growth of the cranium, facial and oral structures
3. Mechanisms of craniofacial growth, cartilage, bone and muscles
4. Changing concepts and hypotheses of craniofacial growth.
5. Postnatal growth of the craniofacial complex.
6. Development of the dentition and occlusion and dental arch development.
7. Growth prediction and maturity indicators.
8. Craniofacial anomalies and syndromes of the craniofacial region.
9. Clinical applications of craniofacial growth.
a) Knowledge and understanding
a.1. Define the basic growth concepts (area relocation, appositional growth, displacement, remodeling, resorption, deposition, fusion).
a.2. Recall the growth and development of the main craniofacial components: cranial base, maxilla, and mandible, and their interrelationships at different stages of growth.
a.3. Identify the tissues involved in facial growth: bone, cartilage and muscle.
a.4. Underline the differences in facial form and patterns.
a.5. Review the major deformities of growth.
a.6. Express why and how knowledge of facial and somatic growth and development is critical to early treatment of malocclusion
b) Intellectual Skills
b.1. Illustrate the basic tissues involved in craniofacial growth, particularly bone and cartilage.
b.2. Categorize the different locations and types of cartilage in the head.
b.3. Differentiate between the endochondral and intramembranous modes of bone formation, and the facial bones involved in each modality.
b.4. Debate the basic craniofacial growth concepts including area relocation, bone displacement, processes of appositional growth and depositional resorption, and issues of modeling, remodeling, and the V principle.
b.5. Demonstrate sites and mechanisms of growth of the cranial base, the influence of this growth on the position of the growing maxilla and mandible, and the factors that lead to anomalies of cranial growth.
b.6. Sketch the patterns and mechanisms of maxillary growth in all 3 planes of space, and the influence of sutural growth on maxillary development
b.6. Debate the various theories of growth, including Moss’s functional matrix and related control processes of facial growth.
b.7. Question how craniofacial development translates at the level of the dentition and occlusion.
c) Professional and Practical Skills
c.1. The students should be able to manage deviations from normal development that represent or may lead to facial deformities, including genetic components.
d) General and transferable skills
c.1. The students should be able to manage deviations from normal development that represent or may lead to facial deformities, including genetic components.
Theoretical:
1. Lectures: aided by PowerPoint presentations
2. Problem based learning
Class work:
Case presentations and discussions
Teaching and Learning Methods for special needs students
None
a) Assessment Methods
1. Final Term exam (MCQ, short answer questions)
2. Class Work (midterm exam- seminars and assignments of certain topics – PBL)
3. Record for attendance
b) Assessment Schedule
Written exam: at the end of the semester.
Class work : during the semester.
Attendance
c) Weighting of Assessment
Written exam: 60%... %
Class work: 40 .... %
a) Course Notes
Notes handed to students as hard copies
b) Essential Books (Text Books)
• William R. Proffit. Contemporary Orthodontics. Fifth Edition. 2012 Mosby
• A synopsis of craniofacial growth (Ranly)
• Textbook of Craniofacial Growth (Premkumar)
• Carlson : Theories of craniofacial growth in postgenomic era, Seminars in Orth.,2005
c) Recommended Books
• Moyers RE. Handbook of orthodontics. Year Book Medical Publishers, 1988. 4th edition.
• Enlow DH and Hans MG. Essentials of facial growth. Saunders, 1996.
• Laura Mitchell. Introduction to Orthodontics. Fifth Edition. Jan,2013 Oxford University
d) Scientific periodicals,bulletins,etc...
The latest evidence presented in the orthodontic literature, through searching the data bases and/or hand search in the orthodontic journals.